Some charts support a Data Table, which is a rather inflexible table of the data in the chart. For this go to the Chart menu, choose Chart Options, then check the box on the Data Table tab.
If that doesn't help, you can try the Camera tool. First you need to add it to the toolbars. Go to Tools menu > Customize... > Commands tab. Click Tools in the left list, then scroll 2/3 down the right until you find the Camera item, and drag it to a convenient place on the toolbars. Select the range you want to copy, click the Camera tool, then move to the chart sheet and click near where you want it.
Another way is to copy the range as a picture: hold Shift, then select the Edit menu, and click on Copy Picture. Choose the On Screen and Picture options. Go to the Chart and paste. Then select this picture, click in the formula bar, then scroll and select the range, so the formula bar shows the link, something like =Sheet1!$A$1:$D$6. I've just decided that I like this technique a bit better than the Camera tool.